![]() ![]() The execution of the above query statement gives the following output: For this, we will use the following query statement – SELECT CONCAT("EDUCBA", "IS A GREAT ", "PLATFORM ", "TO EXPAND ", "YOUR HORIZONS ", "OF LEARNING") AS "Final String" Now, we will concatenate the string values “EDUCBA”, “IS A GREAT “, “PLATFORM “, “TO EXPAND “, “YOUR HORIZONS” and “OF LEARNING” using the Concat function in MySQL. We can observe from the output that an error is raised, saying that an incorrect number of parameters were supplied to the Concat function. The execution of the above query statement gives the following output – We will execute the following query statement – SELECT CONCAT() Let us first try to execute the MySQL Concat function without passing any parameters and see the output which is arisen. Passing a NULL value to the Concat function in any of the parameters gives out the resultant value as NULL itself, irrespective of what other values are passed as parameters. ![]() The minimum one parameter is a must for using the Concat function. If the Concat function is used without specifying any parameter value, it will result in an error. The string expressions can be any of the constant or literal string values, variables having string values, columns that store the string values with datatype varchar, or any string value specified in single or double quotes. We can provide as many parameters as we want to concatenate using the Concat function. INNER JOIN Person.EmailAddress AS EA ON BEA.BusinessEntityID = EA.CONCAT(string_expression1,string_expression2. INNER JOIN Person.Address AS A ON BEA.AddressID = A.AddressID SELECT TOP 10 City, STRING_AGG(CONVERT(NVARCHAR(max), EmailAddress), ' ') WITHIN GROUP (ORDER BY EmailAddress ASC) AS Emails Similar to the previous example, the following query finds the email addresses of employees, groups them by city, and sorts the emails alphabetically: USE AdventureWorks2022 Generate a sorted list of emails per towns returned in the emails column can be directly used to send emails to group of people working in some particular cities. STRING_AGG is available in any compatibility level. To return a place holder for null values, use the ISNULL function as demonstrated in example B. Null values are ignored and the corresponding separator is not added. If the input expression is type VARCHAR, the separator cannot be type NVARCHAR. For more information about data type conversions, see CAST and CONVERT (Transact-SQL). The implicit conversion to strings follows the existing rules for data type conversions. Expression values are implicitly converted to string types and then concatenated. STRING_AGG is an aggregate function that takes all expressions from rows and concatenates them into a single string. Int, bigint, smallint, tinyint, numeric, float, real, bit, decimal, smallmoney, money, datetime, datetime2, The following table lists automatic conversions: Input expression type If input argument is string type ( NVARCHAR, VARCHAR), result type will be same as input type. ![]() Return type depends on first argument (expression). Only one order_by_expression is allowed per query. Optionally specify order of concatenated results using WITHIN GROUP clause: WITHIN GROUP ( ORDER BY )Ī list of non-constant expressions that can be used for sorting results. Is an expression of NVARCHAR or VARCHAR type that is used as separator for concatenated strings. Non-string types are converted to NVARCHAR type. Expressions are converted to NVARCHAR or VARCHAR types during concatenation. To view Transact-SQL syntax for SQL Server 2014 and earlier, see Previous versions documentation. ![]()
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